Bernard M. Baluga, M.D.
Background. Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is a worldwide routine cardiac surgery procedure. It is usually performed for symptomatic and prognostic reasons. This study was conducted to determine the factors that contributed to in-hospital mortality in patients undergoing CABG in Philippine Heart Center for the past five years.
Methodology. An observational study involving the medical record of patients who have undergone CABG and who expired during their hospital stay from January 2007 to November 2012 in the Philippine Heart Center. Retrospective data gathered included demographic information, pre-operative risk factors, operative details, and outcomes analyzed to calculate in percentages the mortality rate.
Results. In 2007, there were a total of 25 in-hospital mortality out of 583 who undergone coronary bypass surgery, in 2008 a total of 26 out of 612, in 2009 a total of 21 out of 690, in 2010 a total of 22 out of 688, in 2011 a total of 30 out of 654 and in January to October 2012 a total of 23 out of 654. The mortality rates from the year 2007 to 2012 were 4.29%, 4.25%, 3.04%, 3.20%, 4.59%, and 3.52% respectively. The mean mortality rate for the past five years was 4.58%.
Conclusion. The pre-operative and intra-operative variables noted in this study with increased incidence included emergent and urgent operation status, LV function, atrial fibrillation, COPD, HPN, DM, history of MI, 3 vessel coronary artery disease, total cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and cross clamp time and other cardiac procedures sequentially made. Amongst these, the most prevalent were hypertension and diabetes mellitus.
